Back RNS-virus Afrikaans فيروس حمض نووي ريبوزي Arabic РНК вирус Bulgarian Virus d'ARN Catalan RNA viry Czech RNA-Virus German Virus ARN Spanish RNA-viirused Estonian RNA birus Basque آران‌ای ویروس Persian

RNA virus

Taxonomy and replication strategies of different types of RNA viruses

An RNA virus is a virus characterized by a ribonucleic acid (RNA) based genome.[1] The genome can be single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) or double-stranded (dsRNA).[2] Notable human diseases caused by RNA viruses include influenza, SARS, MERS, COVID-19, Dengue virus, hepatitis C, hepatitis E, West Nile fever, Ebola virus disease, rabies, polio, mumps, and measles.

All known RNA viruses, that is viruses that use a homologous RNA-dependent polymerase for replication, are categorized by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) into the realm Riboviria.[3] This includes RNA viruses belonging to Group III, Group IV or Group V of the Baltimore classification system as well as Group VI. Group VI viruses are retroviruses, viruses with RNA genetic material that use DNA intermediates in their life cycle including HIV-1 and HIV-2 which cause AIDS.

The majority of such RNA viruses fall into the kingdom Orthornavirae and the rest have a positioning not yet defined.[4] The realm does not contain all RNA viruses: Deltavirus, Avsunviroidae, and Pospiviroidae are taxa of RNA viruses that were mistakenly included in 2019,[a] but corrected in 2020.[5]

  1. ^ Wagner, Edward K.; Hewlett, Martinez J. (1999). Basic virology. Malden, MA: Blackwell Science, Inc. p. 249. ISBN 0-632-04299-0. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference Pattonrnav was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Executive Committee (May 2020). "The new scope of virus taxonomy: partitioning the virosphere into 15 hierarchical ranks". Nature Microbiology. 5 (5): 668–674. doi:10.1038/s41564-020-0709-x. PMC 7186216. PMID 32341570.
  4. ^ TaxoProp 2019.006G
  5. ^ TaxoProp 2019.009G


Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

Developed by StudentB